Essential Tools for Navigation: The Basics

To successfully use a paper chart you&#;ll ideally have a pair of dividers (a confusing term as it&#;s actually just one instrument) and a plotter, commonly known as a Portland plotter or Breton plotter. Some navigators use parallel rules, some use a triangle; it's a matter of personal preference.

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The dividers are primarily used to measure distances on the nautical chart using the scale of latitude up the side of the chart. Latitude is for measuring north and south of the equator; longitude is for measuring east and west of the Greenwich Meridian, or 000 degrees if you're already in the know.

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The plotter is used to provide the bearing, which is the direction of travel that you should steer to, or used to ascertain the bearing of a charted object from your position. 

Using a soft lead pencil (2B, or &#;Shakespeare&#;s pencil&#; as fondly known ..&#;2B or not 2B&#;) is better for the chart. A pencil sharpener ensures neatness. An eraser for any errors, and to remove previous trips planned on the chart - start with a clean sheet as it were. 

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