Even if you&#;re not using it to cook with, it matters quite a bit how your glass is made&#;both for aesthetics and for your health and safety. To simplify things, we&#;ve put together a comprehensive guide to borosilicate glass&#;commonly used to make drinking glasses, tupperware, and other kitchen items&#;and why you might want to consider buying crystal glass instead.

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What Is Borosilicate Glass?

The most common type of glass&#;soda-lime glass&#;is made primarily from silica (aka sand), soda ash, and lime. It&#;s usually not tempered or heat treated, and is easy and inexpensive to produce&#;hence why it&#;s used in everything from mason jars to beer bottles.

Borosilicate glass, on the other hand, is made with an additional ingredient: boron trioxide. This added compound makes for a glass that&#;s much stronger and more thermal shock-resistant than soda lime glass, or even tempered glass. In simple terms, a casserole dish or pie plate made from borosilicate glass can undergo extreme temperature changes without so much as cracking. Note, however, that borosilicate tends to be more brittle than tempered glass, which makes it more susceptible to breaking when dropped.

Borosilicate Uses

Borosilicate&#;s hardiness and thermal shock resistance makes it an incredibly versatile material: If you&#;ve got a glass blender jar, pie plate, or even just a regular old set of drinking glasses, you&#;re probably acquainted with it already.

Whereas you would never use a cheap soda-lime glass for something you&#;d put in the oven or microwave (we hope not, anyway), borosilicate is pretty much all-purpose. In fact, borosilicate is so reliable that it&#;s even used to make labware like beakers, flasks, and test tubes.

Is Borosilicate Glass Safe?

Borosilicate glass is completely safe and non toxic. Like our Glassware, it&#;s made without heavy metals like lead or cadmium, both of which can occasionally be found in vintage drinking glasses and stemware. And since it&#;s so durable, you won&#;t need to worry about your borosilicate bakeware cracking or exploding when transferring it to the oven from the fridge or vice versa. It&#;s even safe to put in the microwave&#;and the dishwasher.

How Does Borosilicate Compare to Crystal Glass?

As much as we love borosilicate for blenders and storage containers, crystal glass is a different beast. If you&#;ve sipped from one of our crystal Wine Glasses before, you&#;ve probably noticed the thin, elegant rim and gorgeous, transparent bowl. This is because they&#;re made using quartz sand&#;a mixture of kaolin, silica sand, and feldspar&#;sourced from one of the purest mineral deposits in Europe. The final product is not only lead-free, but also produces the clearest glass possible.

Of course, borosilicate wine glasses can make a fine, budget-friendly alternative to crystal&#;especially if you live in a house with kids (or are particularly accident-prone). For elegance and doing right by the bottle of wine, however, we&#;d have to recommend opting for crystal.

Which One Is Better: Borosilicate or Crystal?

Borosilicate glass and crystal glass each have their own unique applications and benefits. As we mentioned, borosilicate is sturdy and resistant to breakage: this makes it an excellent option for items with heavy-duty usage, like food storage containers. However, it doesn&#;t offer the same delicate look and feel as crystal. Not to mention, you won&#;t get the same high-pitched &#;clink&#; sound that you would from high-quality crystal&#;borosilicate instead makes a &#;clunk&#; sound.

While high-quality crystal stemware is more delicate than borosilicate, it offers an unparalleled wine drinking experience. Not only will it flow seamlessly from the glass to your mouth (something you won&#;t get with a thick, clunky rim), but you&#;ll also be able to better observe the colors and textures of wine as you swirl it&#;a must-have quality for any aspiring somm.

Ready to Shop?

Borosilicate is our top pick for tupperware or for reheating leftovers in the oven or microwave. When it comes to stemware, however, we get a bit more precious&#;and once you try your first sip of perfectly chilled sav blanc out of one of our proprietary-shaped White Wine Glasses, we think you&#;ll be converted, too.

The Department of Commerce (Commerce) preliminarily determines that countervailable subsidies are being provided to producers and exporters of certain glass containers (glass containers) from the People's Republic of China (China) for the period of investigation (POI) January 1, through December 31, . Interested parties are invited to comment on this preliminary determination.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

This preliminary determination is made in accordance with section 703(b) of the Tariff Act of , as amended (the Act). Commerce published the notice of initiation of this investigation on October 21, .[ ] On December 4, , pursuant to a request from the American Glass Packaging Coalition (the petitioner),[ ] Commerce published the postponement of the preliminary determination of this investigation to February 24, .[ ] For a complete description of the events that followed the initiation of this investigation, see the Preliminary Decision Memorandum.[ ] A list of topics discussed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum is included as Appendix II to this notice. The Preliminary Decision Memorandum is a public document and is on file electronically via Enforcement and Compliance's Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS). ACCESS is available to registered users at http://access.trade.gov, and is available to all parties in the Central Records Unit, Room B of the main Commerce building. In addition, a complete version of the Preliminary Decision Memorandum can be accessed directly at http://enforcement.trade.gov/&#;frn/&#;. The signed and electronic versions of ( print page ) the Preliminary Decision Memorandum are identical in content.

Scope of the Investigation

The products covered by this investigation are glass containers from China. For a complete description of the scope of this investigation, see Appendix I.

Scope Comments

In accordance with the preamble to Commerce's regulations,[ ] the Initiation Notice set aside a period of time for parties to raise issues regarding product coverage ( i.e., scope).[ ] Certain interested parties commented on the scope of the investigation as it appeared in the Initiation Notice.[ ] Commerce intends to issue its preliminary decision regarding comments concerning the scope of the antidumping duty (AD) and countervailing duty (CVD) investigations in the preliminary determination of the companion AD investigation.

Methodology

Commerce is conducting this investigation in accordance with section 701 of the Act. For each of the subsidy programs found countervailable, Commerce preliminarily determines that there is a subsidy, i.e., a financial contribution by an &#;authority&#; that gives rise to a benefit to the recipient, and that the subsidy is specific.[ ]

Commerce notes that, in making these findings, it relied, in part, on the facts available, including on adverse facts available. Further, at the outset of this investigation, several companies failed to respond to Commerce's quantity and value questionnaire (Q&V) questionnaire.[ ] Therefore, because Commerce finds that certain respondents did not act to the best of their ability to respond to Commerce's requests for information, it drew an adverse inference where appropriate in selecting from among the facts otherwise available.[ ] For a full description of the methodology underlying our preliminary determination, see &#;Use of Facts Otherwise Available and Adverse Inferences&#; in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum.

All-Others Rate

Sections 703(d)(1)(A)(i) and 705(c)(5)(A) of the Act provide that in the preliminary determination, Commerce shall determine an estimated all-others rate for companies not individually examined. This rate shall be an amount equal to the weighted average of the estimated subsidy rates established for those companies individually examined, excluding any zero and de minimis rates and any rates based entirely under section 776 of the Act.

Commerce calculated individual estimated countervailable subsidy rates for Guangdong Huaxing Glass Co. Ltd. (Guangdong Huaxing) and Qixia Changyu Glass Co. Ltd. (Qixia Changyu) that are not zero, de minimis, or based entirely on section 776 of the Act. Therefore, Commerce calculated the all-others rate using a simple average of the individual estimated subsidy rates calculated for Guangdong Huaxing and Qixia Changyu using each company's values for the merchandise under consideration because publicly ranged sales data was unavailable.[ ]

Preliminary Determination

Commerce preliminarily determines that the following estimated countervailable subsidy rates exist:

Company Subsidy rate Guangdong Huaxing Glass Co., Ltd&#;12 23.25 Qixia Changyu Glass Co., Ltd 22.60 Asia Trade Connection 315.73 Built in China 315.73 Cangzhou Roter Faden Glass Products 315.73 Choicest International 315.73 East Asia Glass Limited 315.73

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Guangzhou Idealpak Business 315.73 Haimen Sanlong Glass Products 315.73 Hebei Anyu Glass Products Co. Ltd 315.73 Hebei Zhengi Glass Products Co. Ltd 315.73 Huazhong Glass Co. Ltd. (Changxing) 315.73 Iboya Glass 315.73 Jiangmen Zhong'an Import and Export 315.73 Jining Baolin Glass Product Co. Ltd 315.73 Kisco Trading Shanghai 315.73 Lianyungang Chinamex Trade 315.73 Linlang (Shanghai) Glass Products Co. Ltd 315.73 New Westgate Glass Packaging 315.73 Ningbo Vifa International Trade Co 315.73 Qingdao Auro Pack 315.73 Qingdao Jutai International Trade Co 315.73 Rockwood & Hines (Jiaxing) Co. Ltd 315.73 SGS Bottle 315.73 Shandong Hongda Glassware Co. Ltd 315.73 Shandong Mounttai Sheng Li Yuan GLA 315.73 Shandong Qingguo Foods 315.73 Shandong Wensheng Glass Technology Co. Ltd 315.73 ShangHai Misa Glass Co. Ltd 315.73 Shanghai Vista Packaging 315.73 Suzhou Yunbo Glass 315.73 Unipack Glass 315.73 Value Chain Glass Ltd. (VCG) 315.73 Wheaton Glass 315.73 Wuhan Vanjoin Packaging Co. Ltd 315.73 Xiamen Cheer Imp & Exp Co. Ltd 315.73 Xuzhou Dahua Glass Products Co. Ltd 315.73 Xuzhou Fangbao Glassware 315.73 Xuzhou Huajing Glass Products 315.73 Xuzhou Livlong Glass Products Co. Ltd 315.73 Xuzhou Pretty Glass Products 315.73 Xuzhou Wan Xuan Import and Export 315.73 Xuzhou Yanjia Glassware 315.73 Yantai NBC Glass Packaging Co. Ltd 315.73 Yuncheng Jinpeng Glass Co. Ltd 315.73 Zheijiang Industrial Minerals Foreign Trade Co Ltd 315.73 Zibo CY International Trade Co. Ltd 315.73 Zibo Regal Glassware 315.73 Zibo Rongdian Glass Co. Ltd 315.73 All Others 22.93

Suspension of Liquidation

In accordance with sections 703(d)(1)(B) and (d)(2) of the Act, Commerce will direct U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to suspend liquidation of entries of subject merchandise as described in the scope of the investigation entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after the date of publication of this notice in the Federal Register . Further, pursuant to 19 CFR 351.205(d), Commerce will instruct CBP to require a cash deposit equal to the rates indicated above.

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Disclosure

Commerce intends to disclose its calculations and analysis performed to interested parties in this preliminary determination within five days of its public announcement, or if there is no public announcement, within five days of the date of this notice in accordance with 19 CFR 351.224(b).

Public Comment

Case briefs or other written comments may be submitted to the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance no later than 14 days after the date of publication of this notice in the Federal Register . Rebuttal briefs, limited to issues raised in case briefs, may be submitted no later than five days after the deadline date for case briefs.[ ] Pursuant to 19 CFR 351.309(c)(2) and (d)(2), parties who submit case briefs or rebuttal briefs in this investigation are encouraged to submit with each argument: (1) A statement of the issue; (2) a brief summary of the argument; and (3) a table of authorities.

Pursuant to 19 CFR 351.310(c), interested parties who wish to request a hearing, limited to issues raised in the case and rebuttal briefs, must submit a written request to the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance, U.S. Department of Commerce within 21 days after the date of publication of this notice. Requests should contain the party's name, address, and number, the number of participants, whether any participant is a foreign national, and a list of the issues to be discussed. If a request for a hearing is made, Commerce intends to hold the hearing at the U.S. Department of Commerce, Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC , at a time and date to be determined. Parties should confirm by the date, time, and location of the hearing two days before the scheduled date.

Final Determination

Section 705(a)(1) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.210(b)(1) provide that Commerce will issue the final determination within 75 days after the date of its preliminary determination. ( print page ) Accordingly, Commerce will make its final determination no later than 75 days after the signature date of this preliminary determination, unless postponed.

International Trade Commission Notification

In accordance with section 703(f) of the Act, Commerce will notify the International Trade Commission (ITC) of its determination. If the final determination is affirmative, the ITC will determine before the later of 120 days after the date of this preliminary determination or 45 days after the final determination, whether imports of the subject merchandise are materially injuring, or threaten material injury to, the U.S. industry.

Notification to Interested Parties

This determination is issued and published pursuant to sections 703(f) and 777(i) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.205(c).

Jeffrey I. Kessler,

Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance.

Appendix I

Scope of the Investigation

The merchandise covered by this investigation is certain glass containers with a nominal capacity of 0.059 liters (2.0 fluid ounces) up to and including 4.0 liters (135.256 fluid ounces) and an opening or mouth with a nominal outer diameter of 14 millimeters up to and including 120 millimeters. The scope includes glass jars, bottles, flasks and similar containers; with or without their closures; whether clear or colored; and with or without design or functional enhancements (including, but not limited to, handles, embossing, labeling, or etching).

Excluded from the scope of the investigation are: (1) Glass containers made of borosilicate glass, meeting United States Pharmacopeia requirements for Type 1 pharmaceutical containers; (2) glass containers without &#;mold seams,&#; &#;joint marks,&#; or &#;parting lines;&#; and (3) glass containers without a &#;finish&#; ( i.e., the section of a container at the opening including the lip and ring or collar, threaded or otherwise compatible with a type of closure to seal the container's contents, including but not limited to a lid, cap, or cork).

Glass containers subject to this investigation are specified within the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) under subheadings .90., .90., .90., .90., .90., .90., .90., .90., .90., .90., and .90.. The HTSUS subheadings are provided for convenience and customs purposes only. The written description of the scope of the investigation is dispositive.

Appendix II

List of Topics Discussed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum

I. Summary

II. Background

III. Scope Comments

IV. Scope of the Investigation

V. Injury Test

VI. Diversification of China's Economy

VII. Use of Facts Otherwise Available and Adverse Inferences

VIII. Subsidies Valuation

IX. Benchmarks and Interest Rates

X. Analysis of Programs

XI. Calculation of the All-Others Rate

XII. ITC Notification

XIII. Disclosure and Public Comment

XIV. Recommendation

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